A new large-scale study in the United States has found that young children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are often prescribed medication far sooner than recommended by medical guidelines. Experts advise that children around four or five years old should first receive six months of behavioural therapy before starting on drugs such as Ritalin or Concerta.
The study, published in JAMA Network Open, analyzed data from more than 9,700 children and found that 42.2% were prescribed ADHD medication within one month of their diagnosis, while only 14.1% waited more than six months. Lead author Dr Yair Bannett of Stanford University called the findings “concerning,” emphasizing that behavioural therapy has a significant positive impact on both children and their families.
ADHD affects an estimated 11.4% of US children aged three to 17 and can lead to issues such as distraction, forgetfulness, restlessness, and hyperactivity. Experts stress that early intervention is crucial, as untreated ADHD can affect academic performance and long-term development.
While medications are generally considered safe for young children, many stop taking them due to side effects including irritability, aggression, and emotional changes. Researchers suggest that limited access to behavioural therapy may drive early reliance on medication.
The study also highlights a broader trend: children in North America are far more likely to receive ADHD drugs than their peers in Europe, raising questions about differing treatment approaches across regions.
